Method for controlling motions, particularly in the machining of solid materials



March 1s, 1932.

, M. SCHENKER METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING OF SOLID MATERIALS Filed June 18, 1930 y1/firm..

March 15,'1932. M. scHENKER 1,849,642

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING OF SOLID MATERIALS Filed June 1S, 1930 15 Sheets-Sheet 2 llllllllllll`llllll m n Yllllllllllll M. scHENKER March 15, 1932.

Filed June 18, 1930 ma. /f 0 l 7 0 u 2 Mlm. Avll. S,

March l5, 1932. M SCHENKER 1,849,642 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY Y IN lTHE MACHINING OF SOLID MATERIALS Filed June 1.8. 1930 1.3 Sheets-Sheet 4 1932. M., scHENKER A METHOD FOR GONTROLBING MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING 0F SOLIDMATERIALS Filed June 18, 1930 13- Sheets-Sheet 5 March 15, 1932. M. scHENKER 1,849,642 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING' MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING QF SOLID MATERIALS FiledvJune 18, 1950 13 Sheets-Sheet 6 i6 'Ffa 32 www 1111// 'LIQ- .W

March l5, 1932. M. scHENKER 1,849,642

' METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MoTIoNs, PARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING oF soLID MATERIALS Filed June 18. 1930 13 Sheets--SheeiI 7 March l5, 1932. v M. scHENKER 1,849,642 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MoTIoNs. PARTIGULARLY 1N THE MACHINING oF soLID MATERIALS v v Filed June 18, 1950 13 Sheets-Sheet 8 20o fm W gall/lli lg? Il iHH-1( l March 15, 1932. M SCHENKER 1,849,642

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MOTIONS, YARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING OF SOLID MATERIALS Filed June 18, 1930 13 Sheets-Sheet 9 E .fl-6.43

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METHOD FOR COMTROLLING MoTloMs, PARTICULARLY 1M TME MACHINING oF SOLID MATERIALS Filed June 18, 1930 13 ASheets-Sheen; 1o

s 25s Wwch :ff s" H552 3? sof su' m ld Saa im 315 l fr ses March 15, 1932. NL SCHENKER 1,849,642

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING OF SOLID MATERIALS Filed June 18, 1930 13 Sheets-Sheet 11 Mal'ch 15, 1932. M SCHENKER' n 1,849,642

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING 'MOTION5, FAB'ITIGULARIDIl l IN THE lMACHINING OF SOLID MATERIALS Fi'led June 18, 1950 13 Sheets-Sheet 12 a L H6. o2

March 15, 1932. M, SCHENKER 1,849,642

METHOD FORv CONTROLLING MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE MAGHINING 0F SOLID MATERIALS Filed June 18, 1930 13 Sheets-Sheet 13 oo cmo.l o o o nenewu 4 s n o 0 C o O 0 la f J 2 7 0 o ,0o o o o J o n e r 3 0 7 o. o o o oo .D Gv J 2 7 0 Patented Mar. 15, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT- ortica MAX SCHENKER, F SCHONNWERD, SWITZERLAND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MOTIONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE MACHINING OF. SOLID MATERIALS Application led. .Tune 18, 1930, Serial No. 462,050, and in Switzerland and Germany June 19, 1929.

Cutting machine tools are known, in which the motions of tool and blank relatively to each other are controlled by a record. In order to control these motions numerically by numbers indicating measurements and to thereby machine the blank to given dimensions, .a permanent measuring base has been adopted as fixed point and the tools have been adjusted against said base. To this endy the parts of the record which limit the motions, i; e. the beginning and end of every motion, must be in a determined ratio to the magnitude of. the motion to be performed. This method shows the disadvantage that the accuracy is very limited as it changed With a Wear of the record and that the production of the record is very complicated and expensive.

The subject matter ofl the present invention v is noW a method for controlling motions in which the :extent of the desired motion is no more dependent on the extent. or the shape of the marks present on the record, but is limit-l ed by a controlling member, preferably a counter, which may be set to any numbers and which i's set in accordance with a number of units of measurement corresponding to the.

extent of the motion.v The setting of the counter to correspond to the number of units of measurement is preferably eiected by a record provided with parts causing the con-- i trolling action, whereby the position'ot` these parts on'the record corresponds to determined measurement numbers. 'Ihe counter is preferably provided with elements suitable Y for the used system of measurements, for instance with the decimal system itl shows 10 elements each for the hundreds the tens and `the units of measuring units. 40 ment of the parts causing the controlling ac. tion on the record is effected in accordance With the samesystem, for instance a perforation iny a determined position of the lrecord corresponds to the number 5 of the units indicating tens of the counter, and so on. It, for instance, a displacement motion of the blank y by 400 units (5f-measurement has to be controlled by the record, the latter is provided with a perforation each on the point 4 of '50 "the range of hundreds, on the point 0 of the the record; the counter is left at the number it by the control member. The subdivision The arrangerange of tens and on the point 0 of the range of units. The record now influences' the counter in such a manner that vin the range of hundreds .of theflatter an element isset at the figure 4 and in the range of tens and of units elements are set at the figure O which velements stop the motion as soon as 400 units of measurement have been counted by the counter. In a similar manner any desired motion is .determined numerically on the record and controlled by the counter. It may be assumed that the counter has been set to the figure 000 at the beginning of the displacement movement. If, for instance, the tool has to be further displaced by 8O units immediately at the end of the previous displacement movement by 400 units it is not necessary that the counter is set back to 000. and that the measurement 8O is provided on 400 reached previously and on the record the number L180 is perforated. The latter is then set on the counter by the action of the recordl and when the displacement motion starting at 400 has reached the measurement 480 the counter stops the motion.

In this manner it is possible to have any desired motion of a determined extent numerically contained in the record and to limit of the counter into fractions of the units of measurement permits .to obtain the utmost accuracy ofthe motions and to check the machined dimensions numerically.l

The device for carrying into effect the method according to the invention comprises y a counter adapted to be set to any figures and lto act upon means for stop ing the motion after the latter has reache an extent corresponding to the number set Vup in the I counter,y i. e. to the number of units of meas-v urement.

As an example for carrying into practice the method according to the present inven' tion the application v of the method to a lathe Will now be described, the drawings illustrating a constructional example of the lathe. In the drawings Fig. 1 is a front elevationview of the lathe with parts broken away,

Fig. 2 a rear elevation thereof; i Fig. 3 is an end View of the lathe, as seen from the head stock;

Fi 4 shows a front elevation of the control device operable by meansof a record; Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line V--V in Fig. l;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line VI--VI in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 shows a dia ram of the arrangemept of the control ca les for the main contro Fig. 8 is a detail of a cable Fig. 9 shows in elevation the arrangement of the cables at the head stock;

Fig. 10 shows an end view of theA arrangement of the cables; l

Figs. 11vto`16 show the casing for the control of the tool turret, withthe parts in 'different o erative positions;

Fig. l is a schematical development of the control shaft for the control of the tool turret;

Fig. 18 is a plan viewof the drive for the head stock together with its correlated con` trol shaft;

Fig. 19 is a vertical section on the line XIX-XIX in Fig. 18;

Fig. 20 is a vertical section on the line XX-XX in Fig. 18;

Figs. 21 to 24 show different operative positions of the control members. illustrated in the Figs. 19 and 20;

Fig. 25 is a detail in section;

' Fig. 26 shows an end elevation of the drive for the head stock;

Fi 27 and 28 are vertical sections showing1 urther details of the control shaft;

igs. 29 to 33 show schematical developments of the grooved disks on the headstock control shaft and members correlated thereto;

Fig. 34 shows a longitudinal section of the connection of a Bowden-cable;

Figs. 35 to 39 are longitudinal and cross sections respectively of a roller coupling, as employed for all control shafts, in various positions;

Fig. 40 is a perspective View of the parts of a roller coupling;

Fig. 41 shows a section of the arrangement of the train of gear wheels of the feed casing;

Fig. 42 shows the control members of the feed casing;

Fig. 43 is a section taken at right angles through the feed casing, as compared with that shown in Fig. 41, illustrating the gear ings;

Figs. 44 to 47 are sections and Aviews respectively of the roller coupling operable in both directions of rotation;

Fig. 48 is an elevation of the elements of one decimal group of the counting train;

Fig. 49 is a top plan view to Fig. 48;

of the counting train without influencing the tool motions;

Fig. 62. is a perspective view of the two control shafts of a counting train including the correlated cam disks and the elements cooperating therewith; v

Fig. 63 shows details for connectingand -disconnecting the counting train, on a larger scale;

Figs. 64 to 65 show disconnecting elements in various operative positions;

Fig. 66 shows a plan view of the connect'- ing element;

Fig. 67 is a side elevation of Fig. 63;

Fig. 68 is a section of the countin train;

Figs. 69 to 72 show schematical evelopments of the cam disks and members cooperating therewith on la control shaft of the counting train;

Figs. 73 to 7 7 show in similar manner the corresponding parts of a control shaft for parallel adjustment;

Fig. 78 is a further section through the countin train;

Fig. 9 shows an elevation of the roller couplings and actuating members thereof on both control shafts of the counting train;

Fig. 80 shows an elevation of the control device with the record and the stamp beam removed;

Fig. 81 is a vertical section through the control device on the line -a in Fig. 80;

Fig. 82 is ahorizontal section through the control device on the line b-b in Fig. 8l;

Fig. 83 is a detailof Fig. 80;

Fig. 84 is a vertical section corresponding to Fig. 81, with the elements in a diii'erent operative position;

Fig. 85 shows a further operative of elements, shown in Fig. 84;

Fig. 86 is a vertical-section of the elements for the actuation of the record;

Fig. 87 is a work piece to be turned, and

Fig. 88 shows the record required for turning the work piece, shown in Fig. 87.

The lathe shown in the Figs. 1 to 6 is provided with the usual bed 1 comprising two slide ribs 2 and 3 along which the carriage 4 is displaceable by means of the lead screw 5 and the nut 6. On the bed slide 4 a cross slide-7 is displaceable by means of a screw spindle 8 mounted in the bed slide and a nut position 9 (Fig. 5). On the cross slide 7 a tool turret 'zoV i 12 and on the slide ribs 2 and 3 the tail stock 13 is slidable. Besides, the bed 1 of the lathe is provided with a control device housed in a casing 14 for controlling the longitudinal y movement, i. e. the movement of the bed slide by the intermediary of the control shaft 15 (Fig.v 1), as well as a control device housed 1 lathe.

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in the casingv 16 for controlling the facing movement i. e. the movement of the cross slide by the intermediary of control shaft 17. l `urthermore,.a control device for the feed is accommodated in the supporting member of the bed below the head stock comprising the control shaft 18 (Figs. 2 and 3) and directly above a control device comprising the control shaft 19 for the rotational adjustment of 'the tool turret 10 is mounted (Fig. Moreover, at the head stock end of the bed a casing 2O is provided which contains themain control device actuated by the record l21 (Figs. 3 and 4) and comprising the control shaft 22. In the casing of the head stock a control shaft 23 (Fig. 3) is mounted bywhich the'difierent speeds of the spindle 24 are controlled. I

The drive of the above-mentioned control shafts is derived from the main drive of the Themain drive is constructed as a single pulley drive and actuated by a belt 25 which passes over the driving pulley 26 (Figs. 1 and '1.8). Thelatter imparts the drive to the entity of control shafts and for this purpose to the pulley`26- a spiral gear 27 is connected which meshes with a spiral gear 28 on a vertical shaft 29 (Figs. 1 and 3). From the latter motion is imparted by means of the pair of bevel gears 30, shaft 31 and the pair of bevel gears 32 to the control shaft 23 of the head stock, further,by way of the pair of bevel gears 33, horizontal shaft 34 and the pair of bevel gears 35 to the control shaft 19 for adjusting the tool turret (Figs.` 3 and 14)., and by Way of the pair of bevel gears 36, horizontal shaft 37, the pair of bevel gears 38, vertical shaft 39, andthe pair of bevel gears to the control shaft 22 of the main control device (Figs. 3 and 4). The horizontal shaft 37 further actuates by mea-ns of the pair of bevel gears 41 the vertical Vshaft 42 and from the latter motion is imparted to=-the control shaft 15 of the control device for the longitudinal movement via the pair of bevel gears 43 and via the pair of' bevel gears 44 to thecontrol shaft 17'of the control device for the facing movement; Furthermore, from the vertical shaft 29 by means of the pair of bevel gears 45, horizontal shaft 46 and the pair of bevel gears 47 the control shaft 18 for the feed motion is actuated. All the aforesaid control shafts run continuously together with the drive.

In order to enable the spindle 24 being turned at dierent speeds the head stock is constructed as follows (Figs. 18 and 19).

A friction coupling is arrangedto cooperate with the driving pulley 26, freely mounted on the transmission shaft 48, the part 49 of the said coupling being shiftable on the shaft 48 but not turnable relatively thereto and pressed against .the pulley 26 by action of a spring 51 by the intermediary of a lever 50. On the transmission shaft 48 the spur gears 52, 53, 54 and 55 are freely turnable which continuously interengage with the spur gears 56, 577 ,58 and 59 respectively keyed to the spindle 24 .of the lathe. The diameters of the spur gears 52 to 59 are so chosen that four different ratios of gearing i. e. four different speeds for the spindle are obtainable.

Between the spur gear wheels 52 and-53 and4 also between the wheels 54 and 55 a pin 'coupling member 60 and 61. respectively splined on the transmission shaft 48 so as t0 be slidable thereon is 1arovided. Each coue u 'l a plmg member comprises a number of spring pressed axial pins 62 which project on both sides of the coupling memberA and the side faces adjacent the respective coupling members 1 of the hubs of the spur gear wheels 52 to are provided with a number of conicalv bores 63 for receiving the pins' 62 when the coupling member' is moved towards the respective Wheel. For effecting this displacement the coupling members are provided with an annular groove`64 in which a roller v65 (Fig. 19) of Aa lever 66 engages. The latter is keyed to a horizontal shaft 67 to the other end of which a lever 68 is fixed. The levers 68 are actuated for connecting the respective couplingmembers 60, 61 from .the control shaft 23 ina manner to be hereinafter described., From the said shaft, further. a

band brake carried on the spindle 24 and including a brake drum 69 and a brake band 7 0 is actuated by a bell crank lever 71 and a connecting rod 72 (Fig. 19). On the spindle 24 also a chain Wheel 73 for driving the transmission shaft 76 of the control device for the feed by means of a chainwheel 7 5 and a chain 74 (Fig. 43) is provided, so as to obtain a feed motion which is a direct function of the speed of the spindle. i

T he control shaft of the head stock consists of two parts, the continuously moving short part 23 to Whichthe bevel gear 32 is fixed and the longer part 23', the two parts being interconnected by a coupling 77 adapted to be locked by means of rollers (Figs. 35 to 40).

The said coupling includes a collar 77 fixedv on the shaft 23 and provided on its circumference with two diametrically opposed recesses 78 each of which extending through an angle at the centre of a little more than 90. The collar 7 7 is enclosed by a ring 79 which is fixed on the shaft 23 (Figs. 35 and 36).

The ring 79 is provided with two opposite halt of the rollers.

slots 80 in which rollers 81 are mounted. On the ring 79 a further ring 82 is mounted which is adapted by action of springs 83 to shift relatively to the ring 79 somewhat more than the diameter of the rollers. The shifting movement is limited by two dogs 84 on the ring 79 engaging in recesses in the ring 82. The ring 82 is formed with two grooves 85 which provide accommodation for one From the exterior circumference of the ring 82 a nose 86 is projecting which is adapted to hit on a locking pawl 87. The position of'the pawl is influenced from the record by way of the main control device in a manner hereinafter described.

' vided for each of the same.

In Fig. 39 the coupling is shown to be disconnected, as by the nose 86 resting on the locking pawl 87 the ring 82 is held relatively to ring 79 so that the groove 85 matches with the slot 80 and the rollers 81 are urged into this outermost position by the ascending portion of the recess 78 of the rotating collar 7 7.

When the locking pawl 87 is rocked from the main control device the ring 82 is shifted relatively to the ring 79 to the position shown in Fig. 36 by action of the springs 83. The roller 81 then acts as a jamming member be tween the ring 79 and the collar 77, thus coupling the said parts and consequently also the parts 23 and 23 of the control shaft.

All the control shafts are provided with a coupling constructed to be locked in this manner by means of rollers. When from the main control device by the Bowden cable D (Figs. 39 and 7) a short thrust impulse is transmitted to the arm 88 of the locking pawl 87, whereby the latteris rocked into its position shown in Fig. 36, the coupling is connected and caused to rotate. Under the force of the spring 89 the locking pawl 87 after the nose 86 has passed by the same reassumes its locking position shown in Fig. 39. After the control shaft has moved through an angle of 360 the nose 86 again hits on the locking pawl whereupon the couplingis disconnected.

. Alternately, more than one nose 86 may be.

provided on the coupling if only a part-turn is to be eected or for this purpose several loekingpawls may be arranged.

The part 23 of the control shaft is further provided with a cam disk 90 having a guide groove 91 (Figs. 18 and 29). In the latter a roller 92 on a lever 93 engages which by means of the rod 94 and the lever 50 automatically connects and disconnects the friction coupling 49.

For shifting the pin coupling members 60 and 61 respectively a cam drum 95 is pro- Each cam drum 95 is formed with two guide grooves 96 and 97 (Figs. 32 and 33) for cooperation with rollers 98. The latter are carried by flat coupling actuating elements 99 which are inserted in grooves 100 of the lever 68 and pivoted therein on pins 101.

In the Figs. 21 to 24 the coupling actuating elements 99 are shown in different operative positions. In a slot of each coupling actuating element 99 a pawl carrier 99 is pivotally arranged on the hinge pin 101 of the former the nose 99" of the said pawl carrier cooperating with a corresponding nose 100 of a catch bolt 100 which is longitudinally slidable in the coupling actuating element. A spring 101 tends to pull the catch bolt upwardly, whilst a spring 99 urges the nose 99 on the nose 100.

In the inoperative condition the parts assume their respect-ive positions, as shown in Fig. 21, wherein the catch bolt 100 is suspended from the pawl carrier 99 with its lower end outside of the path of travel of the oscillating rocker 120. When a certain speed is to be provided, i. e. when `a certain pin coupling member 60 or 61 respectively is to be connected the respective Bowden cable C presses on the correlated pawl carrier 99 and turns the same into the position shown in the Figs. 23 and 24, whereby by action of the spring 101 the catch bolt 100 is depressed until its lower end bears on the nose 120 of the rocker. On the succeeding oscillating movement the rockerturns the coupling actuating element 99 round the pivot 101 in the position shown in Fig. 24, whereby the roller 98 enters the respective guide groove 96 or 97 thus effecting the above-described shifting movement of the pin coupling member 60 or 61 respectively. lVhen another speed of the head stock is desired, at first, the connected speed is destroyed, i. e. the control shaft 23 caused to eiect by cam disk 116 (Fig. 31) a movement of the rocker 120 into the position shown in Fig. 22, whereby the active coupling actuating members are disconnected and all the catch bolts 100 pressed upwardly to be arrested. For effecting a further desired speed the respective Bowden cable causes the depression of the corresponding catch bolt, whereupon the described operating incidences are repeated. The part 23 of the control shaft carries also a grooved disk having a guide groove 116 (Figs. 18, 27 and 31) with which a roller 117 on an arm 118 of a knee lever cooperates. The other arm 119 of the knee lever is provided with a toothed segment 120 which engages with a segment 121 on the shaft 121 of the rocker 120. During each revolution of the part 23 of the shaft the rocker 120 is turned through a certain angle and the aforesaid effect on the catch bolts 100 of the coupling actuatingelements 99 exerted.

To the part 23 of the control shaft a cam disk 122 is keyed which cooperates with a roller 123 of the bell crank lever 124 which by means of the rod 72 actuates the band Civ brake 69, 70. A spring 125 (Fig. 19) releases the brake band 70.

When it isA desired to change the motion of the spindle from one speed to another, at first, as will be 'seen in the diagrams Figs. 29-31, the part of the friction coupling 49 is dis'zcnnecte'd due to the angular dispositions of the different cam disks on the part 23 of the control shaft, whereupon the band brake 69, 70 is actuated and then the pin coupling members 60 and 61 are put out by action of the guide grooves 96, 97 and the coupling actuating members 99 are raised clear of the guide grooves 96, 97 by the rocker 120 and simultaneously the operative catch bolt 100 secured in position. The catch bolt the said cable.

100 corresponding to the new speed is re-l leased by the respective Bowden cable so as to be moved out of its locked position, whereupon it is dropped into the path of the rocker 120 and, on further rotation of the control shaft the pin coupling member or 61 re spectively, as selected by the catch bolt is put in. Thereupon the part 49 of the friction' coupling is connected and the spindle 24 caused to move with the desired new speed.

In Fig. 34 a part of the Bowden cable is schematically. illustrated for showing the standard construction of the connection of The cable covering 126 is clampingly connected in a bore by set screws 127 and thepush wire provided on both ends with sleeves or studs 128 is freely shiftable.

with respect to the covering 126.

Between the continuously driven part 19 of the control shaft for effecting the turning motion of the tool turret and the part 19 of the control shaft a coupling 130 adapted to be locked by means of rollers is intercalated the construction of which corresponds exactly to the previously described one in connection with Figs. 35 to `40. The rotational movement of the shaft part 19 which is formed with a longitudinal groove 131 (Fig. 2) for securing the parts in their interengaged `positions during the shifting of the bed slide is delivered by means of the pair of bevel gears 132 (Fig. 6), vertical shaft 133, the pair of bevel gears 134 mounted on the carriage, horizontal spline shaft 135, the pair of bevel gears 136 mounted in the cross slide, vertical shaft 137, worm 138 and worm wheel 139. The worm wheel 139 is carried on the shaft 140 of the tool turret (Figs. 1 and 6). The means for controlling the rotational adjustment of the tool turret are shown in the Figs. l1 to 17.

To the part 19 of the control shaft a spur gear 141 is fixed which meshes with a spur gear 142 on the cam shaft 143 (Figs. 13, 14) to reduce the speed of the latter in the ratio of 1:4. On the cam shaft 143 four cams 144 are disposed in positions which are displaced 90 relatively to each other, such as indicated in Fig. 17 in de'- veloped condition, and which correspond to' the four tools similarly disposed to each other. 4

With the nose 145 of the coupling 130 a locking pawl 146 cooperates forl effecting the putting in or out of the said coupling in the previously described manner. This pawl is provided with three arms 147, 148 and 149, the arm 147 being formed with two notches 150 4in which a spring pressed pin 151 for arresting the locking pawl is adapted toen? gage in two positions of the latter.

and 16). On a shaft 155 four knee levers 156 are arranged which are influenced by springs 157 and which are each acted upon by a cable A extendmg thereto from the main control The arm 148 is acted upon by thrust vimpulsesim;l

device. Four knee levers 158 (Fig. 15) are carried on a shaft 159 and urged against their correlated cam disk-s 144 by springs 160. To each knee lever 156 and 158 respectively and consequently to each cam 144 a tool of the tool turret is appropriated.

When another tool of the tool turret is intended to be turned in operative position the locking pawl 146 is rotated from the main 'control device into the position shown in Fig.

12 by successive thrust impulses exerted by the cable B. Simultaneously, the correlated knee lever 156 is moved into the position shown in Fig. 12 by'means of the cable A corresponding to the desired tool. The coupling 130 being connected, the shaft part 19 is turned to cause the rotational displacement of the cam shaft 143 and the tool turret, whereby due to the ratio of gearing between the worm 138 and the worm wheel 139 the tool turret 1() vis turned at the same speed as the shaft 143. Thereby the cam portion 144 corresponding to the tool hits on its appropriated knee lever 158 so as to turn the latter into the position shown in Fig. 13. The upper arm of the knee lever 158 presses on the corresponding knee lever 156 and by means of the latter on the stirrup 154, whereby the lever 152 adjusts the locking pawl 146 into the locking position shown in Fig. 13. The rotational movement of the part 19 of the control shaft keeps on until the, nose 145 of the coupling 130 hits on pawly 146; in this moment the respective lever 158 has run clear of the cam portion and the tool is brought into the desired position. If, for instance, the tool corresponding to the fourth cam portion is selected from the record by way of the correlated Bowden cable A the knee levers 158 correlated-to the three first tools perform an inoperative rocking motion when acted upon by the respective cam portions and only that knee lever 158 is rendered operative the correlated knee lever 156 of which was adjusted from the main control device by the corresponding cable A.

Thus the part 19 of the control shaft may effect one, two, three or four revolutions, depending on which one of the tools of the tool turret is intended to be turned into operative position, whereby it is accordingly disconnected by the locking pawl 146 and the coupling 130.

During the rocking motion of the stirrup 154 required, for disconnecting the coupling 130 at the termination of the desired rotational displacement of the tool turret (Fig. 13) one arm of the stirrup bears on the Bowden. cable S to the effect that the record is fed forward by way of the main control device in a manner hereinafter described.

The gearing for effecting the feed is illustrated in Figs. 41 to 43. On the transmission shaft 76 of the control device for the feed motion the gears 161 and 162' (Fig. 41) are loosely mounted and, besides, the pin coupling member 163 is non-rotatably but axially displaceably connected thereto. With the gear 161 the gear 164 is in mesh which is fixed to the intermediary shaft 165 and a. Wheel 166 also secured to the said shaft meshes with the wheel 162. The intermediary shaft 165 is further provided with two wheels 167 and 168 freely turnable thereon and with a pin coupling member 169 fixed thereto. With. the wheel 167 meshes the wheel 171 keyed to the intermediary shaft 170, which latter has a wheel 172 fixed thereto which vengages in a wheel 174 secured to the shaft 173. A reversing gear 174 is in mesh with the wheels 168 and 172. On the shaft 173 the two chain wheels 175 and 176 are carried which provide chain drives 177 and 178 respectively in conjunction with chain wheels 179 and 180 (Figs. 1 and 43).

By accordingly connecting the pin coupling members 163 and 169 two different feed speeds in two opposite directions, forward and rearward respectively, are obtainable.

Between the continuously driven part 18 and the part 18 of the feed control shaft a coupling 161 adapted to be locked by means of rollers (Fig. 42) is intercalated which is influenced from the main control device by means of the locking pawl 161 and the Bow-:5

The feed motions initiated for the feed by the main control device are transmitted from the chain wheels 179 and 180 (Figs. 1 and 43) to the carriage by the following elements. The chain Wheel 179 is carried on a shaft 181 on the one end of which the double roller coupling 182, shown in detail in the Figs. 44 to 47, is mounted. The shaft arts 181', to which the one half of the sai coupling is connected, carries a gear 183 which meshes with a gear 184 fixedto the lead screw 5. The actuation of the coupling 182 or the time interval for the movement of the spindle respectively is regulated from the control shaft 15 or the counting train contained in the casing 14 respectively in a manner which will be hereinafter described. y

For the transmission of the feed motion to the cross slide the following members are employed:

The chain wheel 180 is fastened to a. shaft 185 on which a further double roller coupling 186 which is equal t'o the coupling 182 in all parts is provided. On the shaft part 185 Which carries the one half of the coupling 186 a gear 187 is mounted which engages in a gear 188. The gear 188 is fixed toy the grooved sha-ft 189 (Figs. 1, 5 and 6) on which the bevel gear 190 mounted in the bed slide 4 is axially movable. The drive of the cross slide is effected from the bevel gear 190 by way of the bevel gears 191, 192, 193, shaft 194, and surfacing screw 8. The latter cooperates with the nut 9 of the cross slide. The actuation of the coupling 186 is effected by the control shaft 17 of the surfacing counting train housed in the casing 16.

The double roller coupling illustrated in detail in the Figs. 44-47 is the coupling 182 for connecting the shaft parts 180, 181. The shaft 181 is provided with an integral collar 195 the circumference of which is formed arms 204 extend with'their end portions between dogs 207 on thering 202. In the latter recesses 208 (Fig. 44) are provided for receiving the rollers 199 in their inoperative positions, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 44.

lVhen the rollers are urged inwardly, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 44, the parts 195 and 197 and consequently also the shaft parts 181 and 181 are coupled. In this position the knee levers 204 assume their neutral position, as shown in the left half of Fig.

On the ring 197 a ring 202 is turn- 45. On arresting the rotation of the ring 202 by either one of the paWls 209 the collar 195 and the ring 197 keep on running until the roller 199 is disposed above the one or other recess 208 (depending on the direction of ro-' from the position shown in the left half of Fig. 45 into the position shown in the right half of Fig. 45 takes place, wherein-two diametrically opposed knee levers are moved to clear the stop members 206 by tensioning the springs 205. In order to limit the angular shifting between the rings 202 and 197 when the coupling is disconnected and to avoid that an unintentional re-engagement of the parts takes place the ring 202 is formed With segmental dogs 210 which are adapted to interengage with segmental dogs 211 on the ring 197 in the manner lof a dog-clutch.- In the upper half of Fig. 47 one of the said dogs is shown in operative position, withv the coupling disconnected, Whilstin the lower half thereof the dogs assume an intermediate position Which they take up when the coupling is connected.

The rings 202 are arrested When the double paWls 209 are moved in operative position which is effectuable by means of a trip rod 212 (Figs. 63 and 67) a knee lever 213 and vstirrup 214. To disengage the pawls from the ratchet teeth each pawl 209 is provided with a nose 215 for cooperating With a three armed lever 216 turnable about a pivot 217 (Figs. 63, 66, 67). The third arm of the said lever is influenced by a rod 218 for effecting a rocking motion of the lever 216 so as to release the pavvls 209.

To the shaft 181 a gear 219 (Fig. 67) is secured which cooperates With a gear 220 fixed to the sleeve 221 57) of the counting train, for example, the counting train for the longitudinal feed. From the gear 220 the indicator drums for the units, tens and hundreds,y shown schematically in Fig. 56, are actuated in the following manner: n the sleeve 221 a gearl2`22 is mounted which meshes with a gear 223 on a sleeve 224. Qn

the sleeve 224 areV also fixed a tens-trans er- Wheel 225 of known construction which is shown in detail in the Figs. 53 to 55, as Well` as a bevel gear 226. The latter is in mesh with a bevel gear 227 which is carried on the shaft of the indicator drum for the units. The small pinion 228 for the transfer of the tens is mounted on a sleeve 229 which besides carries .a spur gear 230 which interengages Wit-h a spur gear 231.` The latter is mount-ed on a sleeve similar to the sleeve-224 Which-isv again provided With a tens-transfer-gearing and a bevel gear for the drive of the indicator drum for the tens. Similar transfer members are interposed between the counter drums for the tens and hundreds and if further counting drums are provided also between those. It will be noted that for other counting systems which deviate from the decimal system, such as for instance the English system, other transfer arrangements than for the tens are employed, whereby the individual groups of theV counting train are'provided with a correspondingly different number of elements.'

In order to enable the individual indicator drums to be reset to zero position or adjusted to exhibit a certain figure the gear drives ,require to be disengaged -vvhich is eifectuable by shifting the smaller gears 222, 230 etc. in that the sleeves 221, 229 etc. are axially displaced together with the shaft 232. To maintain the angular dis-position of the Wheels 230 during this shifting movement guide ribs 234 are secured to the bearing casings 233 for each entering into a tooth space during the shifting (Fig. 56).

Each of the indicator drums is provded forA the digits 0 to 9 with ten cam disks 235 which are liXed to the shaft 235 and the raised portions 236 of which are uniformly offset along a helix. Diametrically opposite the raised port'ons reduced portions 237 (Figs. 50 to 52) are arranged. All the cam disks of the drum for the units have a smaller i. e. a more pointed cam portion (Fig. 52) than the respective cam portions of the other drums (Figs. 50, 51). .With each cam disk a double armed rocking lever 238 is associated which is freely turnable on a shaft 239. Both ends of the said lever 238 are provided with a nose the one nose 240 of which cooperates with a cam portion 236, Whilst the other nose 241 simul taneously acts on .the reduced portion 237. Thereby a positive oscillatory movement of the lever 238 during the rotation of the indicator drums is obtained.

To the upper end of each lever 238 an engagement link 242 ending in a hook isv pivotally connected which is adapted to be hooked on the rod 243 which together with the arms 244 forms a stirrup common for all engagement links. The arms 244 are vfixed on the shaft 239. On the latter also a lever 245 is fixed to which a rod 246 is linked (F igs. 48 and 63). To the outerr end of each en agement link 242 a connecting member 24 having a slot is linked with which a pin of a lever 248 cooperates. The-levers 248 are arranged to -be freely turnable on a shaft 249 and each lever is provided with an extension 250 as Well as a .further extension 251 which is engaged by a spring 252 Which tends to press the extension 250 against` a knee lever 253. To the shaft 249 is further fixed a stirrup, comprising a bar 254, by means of which allthe levers 248 are adapted to 'be raised. For this purpose 

